- 1048 – Birth day of Omar Khayyám, Persian mathematician, astronomer, and poet (Death on 1131)
- 1756 – The Seven Years' War begins when Great Britain declares war on France.
- 1860 – US Republican Party nominates Abraham Lincoln for president
- 1912 – The first Indian film, Shree Pundalik by Dadasaheb Torne, is released in Mumbai.
- 1927 – One of the largest-known fast-moving landslides forms Lower Slide Lake in Gros Ventre, Wyoming
- 1948 – Saudi Arabia joins invasion of Israel
- 1974 – Nuclear weapons testing: Under project Smiling Buddha, India successfully detonates its first nuclear weapon becoming the sixth nation to do so.
- 2005 – A second photo from the Hubble Space Telescope confirms that Pluto has two additional moons, Nix and Hydra.
- International Museum Day : International Museum Day (IMD) is an international day held annually on or around 18 May, coordinated by the International Council of Museums (ICOM)
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