• 986 – Byzantine–Bulgarian Wars: The Bulgarians defeated the Byzantine forces at the Gate of Trajan near present-day Ihtiman, with Byzantine Emperor Basil II barely escaping.


• 1560 – The Scottish Parliament adopted a Protestant confession of faith to initiate the Scottish Reformation and disestablishing Catholicism as the national religion.

• 1947 – The Radcliffe Line, the border between Dominion of India and Dominion of Pakistan is revealed.

• 1980 – Two-month-old Australian Azaria Chamberlain was taken from her family's campsite at Uluru by a dingo, for which her mother was later convicted of murder.

• 2008 – With the victory in the 4×100 m medley relay at the Beijing Summer Olympics, Michael Phelps  set the records for the most gold medals won by an individual in a single Olympics (8) as well as total career gold medals (14) in modern Olympic history.